May every being in all the worlds be happy....
Happy Holy Diwali!
¿Qué es?
El Diwali o la Fiesta de las Luces (también llamado Divali o en sánscrito, Deepavali o Deepawali) es la gran fiesta de India: la entrada del nuevo año hindú. Se celebra en torno a mediados de octubre y mediados de noviembre, en función del calendario lunar. Es una fiesta religiosa que celebran varias religiones en India, como elhinduísmo, el budismo, el sijismo y el jainismo.
Diwali es celebrado también en Nepal, Singapur, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Fiji, Trinidad y Tobago, Islas Mauricio, Malasia y Guayana. Tan popular es la fiesta de Diwali, que aquí puedes ver la felicitación del Presidente de los EE.UU de América, Barak Obama o la celebración de Diwali en Wembley (Londres).
En el ambiente de Diwali es común ver a las personas comprando nuevas ropas para estrenar durante estos días, compartir dulces en familia y con amigos y hay una enorme profusión de petardos y fuegos artificiales.
Divinidades.
La Reina de las Fiestas es Lakshmí, esposa del dios Vishnú, diosa que simboliza la buena suerte, la belleza y quien otorga la prosperidad y la riqueza. También, el popular dios Ganesha es especialmente venerado en estos. En la parte este del país, se venera particularmente a la diosa Kali.
Por su parte, los sijs celebran la liberación de su sexto gurú, Hargonbind, y se homenajean a los diez gurús espirituales del sijismo.
Para los jainitas, en el día de Diwali falleció el santo Mahavirá (549 – 477 a. C.), creador del jainismo, de forma que la mayoría de las personas en India tienen un motivo religioso de celebración, además del entrañable y contagioso buen ambiente que puede saborearse por cualquier calle de India.
¿Cuándo se celebra?La Reina de las Fiestas es Lakshmí, esposa del dios Vishnú, diosa que simboliza la buena suerte, la belleza y quien otorga la prosperidad y la riqueza. También, el popular dios Ganesha es especialmente venerado en estos. En la parte este del país, se venera particularmente a la diosa Kali.
Por su parte, los sijs celebran la liberación de su sexto gurú, Hargonbind, y se homenajean a los diez gurús espirituales del sijismo.
Para los jainitas, en el día de Diwali falleció el santo Mahavirá (549 – 477 a. C.), creador del jainismo, de forma que la mayoría de las personas en India tienen un motivo religioso de celebración, además del entrañable y contagioso buen ambiente que puede saborearse por cualquier calle de India.
La fiesta tiene lugar en el decimoquinto día de la quincena oscura del mes de kārttika (que cada año puede caer entre el 21 de octubre y el 18 de noviembre), y puede durar cuatro o cinco días.
Conmemora la muerte del demonio Narakasura a manos de Krishná y la liberación de las dieciséis mil doncellas que tenía prisioneras. Celebra también el regreso a la ciudad de Ayodhyā del príncipe Rāma tras su victoria sobre Rāvaṇa, rey de los demonios.
Según la leyenda, los habitantes de la ciudad llenaron las murallas y los tejados con lámparas para que Rāma pudiera encontrar fácilmente el camino. De ahí comenzó la tradición de encender multitud de luces durante la noche.
Conmemora la muerte del demonio Narakasura a manos de Krishná y la liberación de las dieciséis mil doncellas que tenía prisioneras. Celebra también el regreso a la ciudad de Ayodhyā del príncipe Rāma tras su victoria sobre Rāvaṇa, rey de los demonios.
Según la leyenda, los habitantes de la ciudad llenaron las murallas y los tejados con lámparas para que Rāma pudiera encontrar fácilmente el camino. De ahí comenzó la tradición de encender multitud de luces durante la noche.
La fiesta de Diwali dura cinco días, cada uno de los cuales es nombrado según el calendario hindú:
-Día 1. Vasu Baras. En este día son adoradas las vacas y los terneros.
-Día 2. Dhan Teras. Es el día considerado más propicio para los negocios y la riqueza. Se celebra el nacimiento de Dios Dhanvantri.
-Día 3. Chaturdashi. El día en que la luz venció a las tinieblas. Es el día que Lord Krishna mató al demonio Narakasura. En el Sur de India, es el día más celebrado. Los hindús se lavan con fragancias, y visten ropas nuevas. Las casas se decoran con lámparas y luces alrededor y el díen que se pintan los rangolis, fuera de las casas. Se considera que un baño antes de la salida del sol, cuando las estrellas están en el cielo, equivale a un baño sagrado en el Ganges. Se celebra una puja (ceremonia, ofrenda) en la que se recuerda que Krishna liberó al mundo del demonio este día y tras la puja empiezan los fuegos artificiales y los petardos, que durarán por unas horas, haciendo de cada ciudad en India un hervidero de felicidad.
-Día 4. Lakshmi Puja. Es el día más importante de las fiestas de Diwali en el Norte de India. En las casas se reza a Lakshmi y Ganesh.
-Día 5. Govardhan Puja. Es el día que Krishna derroto a Indra. En algunas zonas del país es el día que los maridos hacen regalos a sus mujeres. Al día siguiente, Bhaiduj, los hermanos y hermanas de toda India se expresan su afecto.
-Día 1. Vasu Baras. En este día son adoradas las vacas y los terneros.
-Día 2. Dhan Teras. Es el día considerado más propicio para los negocios y la riqueza. Se celebra el nacimiento de Dios Dhanvantri.
-Día 3. Chaturdashi. El día en que la luz venció a las tinieblas. Es el día que Lord Krishna mató al demonio Narakasura. En el Sur de India, es el día más celebrado. Los hindús se lavan con fragancias, y visten ropas nuevas. Las casas se decoran con lámparas y luces alrededor y el díen que se pintan los rangolis, fuera de las casas. Se considera que un baño antes de la salida del sol, cuando las estrellas están en el cielo, equivale a un baño sagrado en el Ganges. Se celebra una puja (ceremonia, ofrenda) en la que se recuerda que Krishna liberó al mundo del demonio este día y tras la puja empiezan los fuegos artificiales y los petardos, que durarán por unas horas, haciendo de cada ciudad en India un hervidero de felicidad.
-Día 4. Lakshmi Puja. Es el día más importante de las fiestas de Diwali en el Norte de India. En las casas se reza a Lakshmi y Ganesh.
-Día 5. Govardhan Puja. Es el día que Krishna derroto a Indra. En algunas zonas del país es el día que los maridos hacen regalos a sus mujeres. Al día siguiente, Bhaiduj, los hermanos y hermanas de toda India se expresan su afecto.
En 2011 el Diwali comenzará el 26 de Octubre.. Estas serán las fechas de Diwali en los años venideros:
- 2012, el 13 de Noviembre.
- 2013, el 3 de Noviembre.
- 2014, el 23 de Octubre.
- 2015, el 11 de Noviembre.
¿Cómo se celebra?- 2012, el 13 de Noviembre.
- 2013, el 3 de Noviembre.
- 2014, el 23 de Octubre.
- 2015, el 11 de Noviembre.
Las casas se limpian de forma especial y se adornan con diversos motivos y lámparas de aceite o velas que se encienden al atardecer. Es usual celebrar una comida compuesta de sabrosos platos y dulces, hacer regalos a las personas cercanas y familiares, los fuegos artificiales y los juegos.
Es el momento para renovar los libros de cuentas, hacer limpieza general, reemplazar algunos enseres del hogar y pintarlo y decorarlo para el año entrante.
Es tradición que la diosa favorecerá de forma especial a quienes se reconcilien con sus enemigos.
Se aconseja instalar un altar en un lugar preferente de las casas donde esté presente una imagen de Lakshmí a la que se le ofrecerán flores, incienso y monedas.
Al anochecer se abren todas las ventanas y puertas de las casas y en cada una de ellas se realiza un ofrecimiento de luz con una lámpara de aceite o una vela, repitiendo el mismo mantra, para que Lakshmí entre para el resto del año.
También se lanzan barcos de papel o lamparillas encendidas a los ríos sagrados. Se dice que cuanto más lejos vayan, mayor será la felicidad en el año nuevo y se elaboran unos diseños llamados manorā, que son unos dibujos hechos en las paredes y que se adornan durante el festival.
A la salida del sol es de ritual lavarse la cabeza, lo que tiene el mismo mérito que bañarse en el sagrado río Gangā (el Ganges). El simbolismo de la fiesta consiste en la necesidad del ser humano de avanzar hacia la luz de la Verdad desde la ignorancia y la infelicidad.
Es el momento para renovar los libros de cuentas, hacer limpieza general, reemplazar algunos enseres del hogar y pintarlo y decorarlo para el año entrante.
Es tradición que la diosa favorecerá de forma especial a quienes se reconcilien con sus enemigos.
Se aconseja instalar un altar en un lugar preferente de las casas donde esté presente una imagen de Lakshmí a la que se le ofrecerán flores, incienso y monedas.
Al anochecer se abren todas las ventanas y puertas de las casas y en cada una de ellas se realiza un ofrecimiento de luz con una lámpara de aceite o una vela, repitiendo el mismo mantra, para que Lakshmí entre para el resto del año.
También se lanzan barcos de papel o lamparillas encendidas a los ríos sagrados. Se dice que cuanto más lejos vayan, mayor será la felicidad en el año nuevo y se elaboran unos diseños llamados manorā, que son unos dibujos hechos en las paredes y que se adornan durante el festival.
A la salida del sol es de ritual lavarse la cabeza, lo que tiene el mismo mérito que bañarse en el sagrado río Gangā (el Ganges). El simbolismo de la fiesta consiste en la necesidad del ser humano de avanzar hacia la luz de la Verdad desde la ignorancia y la infelicidad.
Comidas en Diwali.
Durante las fiestas de Diwali se comen muchos dulces y también se elaboran recetas especiales, propias de estas fechas, como por ejemplo el delicioso malpua, los crujientes soan papdi, besan ki barfi, el Karanji o lasgujias.
Juegos de cartas.Durante las fiestas de Diwali se comen muchos dulces y también se elaboran recetas especiales, propias de estas fechas, como por ejemplo el delicioso malpua, los crujientes soan papdi, besan ki barfi, el Karanji o lasgujias.
Actualmente, es muy popular jugar a las cartas durante los días de Diwali, ya que al ser unas fiestas relacionadas con Lakshmi, se piensa que traerán fortuna a todos aquellos que participen. Las personas suelen jugar largas horas a las cartas y los casinos hacen su agosto en Diwali. Se cree que en estos días Parvati (esposa del Dios Shiva), jugaba con Él a los dados, tal y como está esculpido en Kailash Temple, en Ellora.
Mela (“encuentros”, “ferias”).
En muchos pueblos y aldeas pueden verse en los días de Diwali los llamados “melas”. Algo así como ferias en las que los campesinos venden y compran los productos, mientras las chicas y mujeres visten de formas muy coloridas estos días a lo largo del país, decorando manos y muñecas con henna y adornándose con vistosas joyas.
En muchos pueblos y aldeas pueden verse en los días de Diwali los llamados “melas”. Algo así como ferias en las que los campesinos venden y compran los productos, mientras las chicas y mujeres visten de formas muy coloridas estos días a lo largo del país, decorando manos y muñecas con henna y adornándose con vistosas joyas.
—
Sobre el autor: Pablo Pascual es Director de Sociedad Geográfica de las Indias. Gran conocedor de India, Pablo se obstinó en ofrecer lo que a él le gustaría encontrar en el sector de agencias de viajes tradicionales: especialistas por destino con un solo propósito, la calidad. Para más información: [Quiénes somos]
Sobre el autor: Pablo Pascual es Director de Sociedad Geográfica de las Indias. Gran conocedor de India, Pablo se obstinó en ofrecer lo que a él le gustaría encontrar en el sector de agencias de viajes tradicionales: especialistas por destino con un solo propósito, la calidad. Para más información: [Quiénes somos]
Tomado de: http://blog.lasociedadgeografica.co
10 RAZONES PARA FESTEJAR DIPAVALI
Go over ten mythical and historical reasons why Diwali (Deepavali) is celebrated annually. 1) Goddess Lakshmi's Birthday : On this very Diwali day, the Goddess of wealth, Lakshmi is said to have been incarnated from the depth of the bottomless ocean. The Hindu scriptures tell us that both Devas(gods) and Asuras (demons) were mortal (Mrita) at one point of time. Seeking a deathless condition (Amarattva), they churned the ocean to seek Amrita, the nectar of immortality (an event mentioned in the Hindu scriptures as "Samudra-manthan"), during which a host of divine celestial objects came up. Prime among these was Goddess Lakshmi, the daughter of the king of the milky ocean, who arose on the new moon day (amaavasyaa) of the Kartik month. She was subsequently married to Lord Vishnu on the same darkest night of the year and brilliant lamps were illuminated and placed in rows to mark this holy occassion.
Hence the association of Diwali with Goddess Lakshmi and the tradition of lighting of lamps and candles during the festival. To this day, Hindus celebrate the birth of the goddess Lakshmi and her marriage to Lord Vishnu on Diwali and seek her blessings for the coming year. 2) The Legend of King Mahabali : The Bhagavata Purana (also known as Srimad Bhagavatam), the most sacred Hindu text, reveals how on a Diwali day Lord Vishnu, in his fifth incarnation as Vaman-avtaara, rescued Lakshmi from the prison of King Bali during the Treta Yug. Bali, or rather King Mahabali, was a powerful demon king who ruled the earth. Powered by a boon granted to him by Lord Brahma, Bali was invincible and even gods failed to defeat him in battles. Although a wise and perfect king otherwise, Mahabali was violent in his ways with the Devas (gods). On their insistence, Lord Vishnu disguised himself as a short Brahmin and approached Bali for some charity. The righteous and benevolent King couldn't refuse the Brahmin's offer and was tricked into giving up his kingship and wealth (of which Lakshmi is said to be the Goddess). Diwali marks this overcoming of Mahabali by Lord Vishnu and this is another reason why Goddess Lakshmi is worshipped on Diwali.
In Kerala, the festival of 'Onam' is celebrated around the month of August to mark this legend. 3) The Killing of Narakasura: The Bhagavata Purana tells us about Narakasura, an evil demon king who had managed to acquire awesome powers. Unrivalled in prowess, he conquered both the heavens and earth and was tyrannical in his reign. Addicted to power, he even stole the earrings of Aditi, the heavenly mother goddess, and usurped some of her territory. When Lord Vishnu was incarnated as Krishna in the Dwapara Yuga, he killed Narakasura on the day preceding Diwali and rescued 16,000 women whom the demon had imprisoned in his palace. The deliverance from the terrible Narakasura was celebrated with much grandeur, a tradition that continues to this day.
However, another version of the story credits Lord Krishna's wife Sathyabhama as the one who eliminated Narakasura. It is said that Narakasura could only be killed by his mother Bhudevi and as Satyabhama was an incarnation of the same Bhudevi, she only could kill him. Before death, however, Narakasura realized his mistake and requested a boon from Satyabhama that everyone should celebrate his death with colorful light. To commemorate his death, the event is celebrated in some parts of India as Naraka Chaturdasi, two days before Diwali day. Click here for the details4) The Return of the Pandavas: The great Hindu epic `Mahabharata' reveals that it was `Kartik Amavashya' (the new moon day of the Kartik month) when the Pandavas appeared from their 12 years of banishment as a result of their defeat in the hands of the Kauravas at the game of dice (gambling). The five Pandava brothers, their mother and their wife Draupadi were honest, kind, gentle and caring in their ways and were loved by all their subjects. To celebrate the joyous occassion of their return to Hastinapura and to welcome back the Pandavas, the common people illuminated their state by lighting bright earthen lamps everywhere. And the tradition is maintained to this day.
5) The Victory of Rama: The great Hindu epic `Ramayana' describes how Lord Ram (the incarnation of Lord Vishnu in the Treta Yug) conquered Lanka after vanquishing the evil King Ravana and after passing a period of of fourteen years in exile returned to his capital Ayodhya on a new moon day of Kartik with wife Sita and brother Lakshman. To celebrate the homecoming of their beloved king, the people of Ayodhya burst crackers, lit up their houses with earthen lamps (diyas), and decorated the entire city in the grandest manner. Year after year this homecoming of Lord Rama is commemorated on Diwali with lights, fireworks, bursting of crackers and merriment. The festival gets its name Deepawali, or Diwali, from the rows (avali) of lamps (deepa) that the people of Ayodhya lit to welcome their King. Click here for the details6) Coronation of Vikramaditya: It is also said that Vikramaditya, the legendary Indian king famed for his wisdom, valour and magnanimity was coroneted on the Diwali day following his victory over the Sakas in 56 BC. This was marked by a grand celebration which is still maintained annually. One of the greatest Hindu monarchs, Vikramaditya ruled the greatest empire in the world from modern-day Thailand in the east to the borders of modern-day Saudi Arabia in the west. Diwali, thus, apart from being a religious festival also has a historical association. 7) The Enlightenment of Swami Dayananda Saraswati: Diwali also marks the auspicious occasion when on a new moon day of Kartik (Diwali day) Swami Dayananda Saraswati, one of the greatest reformers of Hinduism attained his nirvana (enlightenment) and became Maharshi Dayananda, meaning the great sage Dayananda. In 1875, Maharshi Dayananda founded the Arya Samaj, "Society of Nobles", a Hindu reform movement to purify Hinduism of the many evils it became associated with at that era. Every Diwali, this great reformer is remembered by Hindus all over India.
8) The Enlightenment of Vardhamana Mahavira: For Jains, Diwali commemorates the enlightenment of Vardhamana Mahavira(the twenty-fourth and last Tirthankaras of the Jains and the founder of modern Jainism) which is said to have occurred on Oct. 15, 527 B.C. This is one more reason to engage in Diwali celebrations for pious Jains and other than the purpose of commemoration, the festival stands for the celebration of the emanicipation of human spirit from earthly desires.
9) Special Day for the Sikhs: For Sikhs, Diwali holds a special significance for it was on a Diwali day that the third Sikh Guru Amar Das institutionalized the festival of lights as an occasion when all Sikhs would gather to receive the Gurus blessings. It was also on a Diwali day in 1619 that their sixth religious leader, Guru Hargobind Ji, who was held by the Mughal Emperor Jahengir in the Gwalior fort, was freed from imprisonment along with 52 Hindu Kings (political prisoners) whom he had arranged to be released as well. And it was also on the same auspicious occasion of Diwali when the foundation stone of the Golden Temple at Amritsar was laid in 1577. 10. Goddess Kali: Kali, also called Shyama Kali, is the first of the 10 avatars (incarnations) of Goddess Durga, Lord Shiva's consort. According to legend, long ago after the gods lost in a battle with the demons, Goddess Kali was born as Kal Bhoi Nashini from the forehead of Goddess Durga. Said to be a personification of Nari Shakti (female power), Kali was born to save heaven and earth from the growing cruelty of the demons. After killing all the devils, Kali lost her control and started killing anyone who came her way which stopped only when Lord Shiva intervened. The well-known picture of Ma Kali, with her tongue hanging out, actually depicts the moment when she steps on the Lord and repents.
That momentous day has been commemorated ever since and the main purpose of celebrating Kali Puja is to seek the help of the goddess in destroying evil both external and internal to us as also to get her blessings for general happiness, health, wealth, and peace.
To conclude, there are several reasons behind Diwali celebrations and almost every region of India has its own reason to observe the occasion. All of these however, matters little to the festival itself. Whatever the cause behind its celebration, Diwali is undoubtedly a national festival of India, and the aesthetic aspect of the festival is enjoyed by most Indians regardless of faith. Happy Deepavali to everyone!
Hence the association of Diwali with Goddess Lakshmi and the tradition of lighting of lamps and candles during the festival. To this day, Hindus celebrate the birth of the goddess Lakshmi and her marriage to Lord Vishnu on Diwali and seek her blessings for the coming year. 2) The Legend of King Mahabali : The Bhagavata Purana (also known as Srimad Bhagavatam), the most sacred Hindu text, reveals how on a Diwali day Lord Vishnu, in his fifth incarnation as Vaman-avtaara, rescued Lakshmi from the prison of King Bali during the Treta Yug. Bali, or rather King Mahabali, was a powerful demon king who ruled the earth. Powered by a boon granted to him by Lord Brahma, Bali was invincible and even gods failed to defeat him in battles. Although a wise and perfect king otherwise, Mahabali was violent in his ways with the Devas (gods). On their insistence, Lord Vishnu disguised himself as a short Brahmin and approached Bali for some charity. The righteous and benevolent King couldn't refuse the Brahmin's offer and was tricked into giving up his kingship and wealth (of which Lakshmi is said to be the Goddess). Diwali marks this overcoming of Mahabali by Lord Vishnu and this is another reason why Goddess Lakshmi is worshipped on Diwali.
In Kerala, the festival of 'Onam' is celebrated around the month of August to mark this legend. 3) The Killing of Narakasura: The Bhagavata Purana tells us about Narakasura, an evil demon king who had managed to acquire awesome powers. Unrivalled in prowess, he conquered both the heavens and earth and was tyrannical in his reign. Addicted to power, he even stole the earrings of Aditi, the heavenly mother goddess, and usurped some of her territory. When Lord Vishnu was incarnated as Krishna in the Dwapara Yuga, he killed Narakasura on the day preceding Diwali and rescued 16,000 women whom the demon had imprisoned in his palace. The deliverance from the terrible Narakasura was celebrated with much grandeur, a tradition that continues to this day.
However, another version of the story credits Lord Krishna's wife Sathyabhama as the one who eliminated Narakasura. It is said that Narakasura could only be killed by his mother Bhudevi and as Satyabhama was an incarnation of the same Bhudevi, she only could kill him. Before death, however, Narakasura realized his mistake and requested a boon from Satyabhama that everyone should celebrate his death with colorful light. To commemorate his death, the event is celebrated in some parts of India as Naraka Chaturdasi, two days before Diwali day. Click here for the details4) The Return of the Pandavas: The great Hindu epic `Mahabharata' reveals that it was `Kartik Amavashya' (the new moon day of the Kartik month) when the Pandavas appeared from their 12 years of banishment as a result of their defeat in the hands of the Kauravas at the game of dice (gambling). The five Pandava brothers, their mother and their wife Draupadi were honest, kind, gentle and caring in their ways and were loved by all their subjects. To celebrate the joyous occassion of their return to Hastinapura and to welcome back the Pandavas, the common people illuminated their state by lighting bright earthen lamps everywhere. And the tradition is maintained to this day.
5) The Victory of Rama: The great Hindu epic `Ramayana' describes how Lord Ram (the incarnation of Lord Vishnu in the Treta Yug) conquered Lanka after vanquishing the evil King Ravana and after passing a period of of fourteen years in exile returned to his capital Ayodhya on a new moon day of Kartik with wife Sita and brother Lakshman. To celebrate the homecoming of their beloved king, the people of Ayodhya burst crackers, lit up their houses with earthen lamps (diyas), and decorated the entire city in the grandest manner. Year after year this homecoming of Lord Rama is commemorated on Diwali with lights, fireworks, bursting of crackers and merriment. The festival gets its name Deepawali, or Diwali, from the rows (avali) of lamps (deepa) that the people of Ayodhya lit to welcome their King. Click here for the details6) Coronation of Vikramaditya: It is also said that Vikramaditya, the legendary Indian king famed for his wisdom, valour and magnanimity was coroneted on the Diwali day following his victory over the Sakas in 56 BC. This was marked by a grand celebration which is still maintained annually. One of the greatest Hindu monarchs, Vikramaditya ruled the greatest empire in the world from modern-day Thailand in the east to the borders of modern-day Saudi Arabia in the west. Diwali, thus, apart from being a religious festival also has a historical association. 7) The Enlightenment of Swami Dayananda Saraswati: Diwali also marks the auspicious occasion when on a new moon day of Kartik (Diwali day) Swami Dayananda Saraswati, one of the greatest reformers of Hinduism attained his nirvana (enlightenment) and became Maharshi Dayananda, meaning the great sage Dayananda. In 1875, Maharshi Dayananda founded the Arya Samaj, "Society of Nobles", a Hindu reform movement to purify Hinduism of the many evils it became associated with at that era. Every Diwali, this great reformer is remembered by Hindus all over India.
8) The Enlightenment of Vardhamana Mahavira: For Jains, Diwali commemorates the enlightenment of Vardhamana Mahavira(the twenty-fourth and last Tirthankaras of the Jains and the founder of modern Jainism) which is said to have occurred on Oct. 15, 527 B.C. This is one more reason to engage in Diwali celebrations for pious Jains and other than the purpose of commemoration, the festival stands for the celebration of the emanicipation of human spirit from earthly desires.
9) Special Day for the Sikhs: For Sikhs, Diwali holds a special significance for it was on a Diwali day that the third Sikh Guru Amar Das institutionalized the festival of lights as an occasion when all Sikhs would gather to receive the Gurus blessings. It was also on a Diwali day in 1619 that their sixth religious leader, Guru Hargobind Ji, who was held by the Mughal Emperor Jahengir in the Gwalior fort, was freed from imprisonment along with 52 Hindu Kings (political prisoners) whom he had arranged to be released as well. And it was also on the same auspicious occasion of Diwali when the foundation stone of the Golden Temple at Amritsar was laid in 1577. 10. Goddess Kali: Kali, also called Shyama Kali, is the first of the 10 avatars (incarnations) of Goddess Durga, Lord Shiva's consort. According to legend, long ago after the gods lost in a battle with the demons, Goddess Kali was born as Kal Bhoi Nashini from the forehead of Goddess Durga. Said to be a personification of Nari Shakti (female power), Kali was born to save heaven and earth from the growing cruelty of the demons. After killing all the devils, Kali lost her control and started killing anyone who came her way which stopped only when Lord Shiva intervened. The well-known picture of Ma Kali, with her tongue hanging out, actually depicts the moment when she steps on the Lord and repents.
That momentous day has been commemorated ever since and the main purpose of celebrating Kali Puja is to seek the help of the goddess in destroying evil both external and internal to us as also to get her blessings for general happiness, health, wealth, and peace.
To conclude, there are several reasons behind Diwali celebrations and almost every region of India has its own reason to observe the occasion. All of these however, matters little to the festival itself. Whatever the cause behind its celebration, Diwali is undoubtedly a national festival of India, and the aesthetic aspect of the festival is enjoyed by most Indians regardless of faith. Happy Deepavali to everyone!
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